Types of cutting oils and their advantages and disadvantages - Helping metal processing companies choose oils reasonably

Abstract: Cutting Oils are indispensable auxiliary materials in the metal processing process. There are many types and different performances. This article will give a detailed introduction to several common types of Cutting Oils and analyze their respective advantages and disadvantages to help metal processing companies choose Cutting Oils reasonably according to actual needs and improve processing efficiency and product quality.

I. Types of cutting oils and their advantages and disadvantages

Oil-based cutting oils

(1) Advantages

Good lubrication performance: Oil-based cutting oils can form an oil film between the workpiece and the tool, reduce the friction coefficient, reduce cutting resistance, and improve processing accuracy.

Strong anti-wear performance: Oil-based cutting oils contain anti-wear additives, which can effectively extend the life of the tool.

Wide range of application: Oil-based cutting oils are suitable for the processing of a variety of metal materials, especially under heavy load and low-speed cutting conditions.

(2) Disadvantages

Poor cooling performance: The cooling performance of oil-based cutting oils is relatively weak, which is not conducive to high-temperature processing environments.

Flammable: Oil-based cutting oils are flammable and pose safety hazards.

Poor environmental protection: Oily cutting oil has poor biodegradability and has a certain impact on the environment.

Water-based Cutting Fluid

(1) Advantages

Good cooling performance: Water-based cutting fluid has good cooling performance and can effectively reduce the temperature of the cutting area and prevent workpiece deformation.

Good environmental protection: Water-based cutting fluid has good biodegradability and has little pollution to the environment.

Low cost of use: The price of water-based cutting fluid is relatively low, and it can be used after dilution, which reduces corporate costs.

(2) Disadvantages

Relatively weak lubrication performance: Water-based cutting fluid is not as good as oily cutting oil in terms of lubrication performance, especially under heavy load and low speed cutting conditions.

Requires dilution: When using water-based cutting fluid, it needs to be diluted in proportion, which is more cumbersome.

Easy to breed bacteria: Water-based cutting fluid is easy to breed bacteria in high temperature and humid environment, affecting the performance of cutting fluid.

Emulsified cutting fluid

(1) Advantages

Excellent comprehensive performance: Emulsified cutting fluid has both the lubrication performance of oily cutting oil and the cooling performance of water-based cutting fluid.

Wide range of application: It is suitable for the processing of various metal materials, especially in the processing of ferrous metals.

Good environmental performance: Emulsified cutting fluid has good biodegradability and has little impact on the environment.

(2) Disadvantages

Poor stability: Emulsified cutting fluid is easy to stratify during storage and use, and requires regular maintenance.

Susceptible to bacterial contamination: Emulsified cutting fluid is easy to breed bacteria in high temperature and humid environment, affecting the use effect.

Extreme pressure cutting oil

(1) Advantages

Strong extreme pressure performance: Extreme pressure cutting oil can still maintain good lubrication performance under high temperature and high pressure conditions, and is suitable for difficult-to-process materials.

Good anti-wear performance: It can effectively extend tool life and improve processing efficiency.

(2) Disadvantages

High price: Extreme pressure cutting oil is relatively expensive, which increases corporate costs.

Poor environmental performance: Extreme pressure cutting oil has poor biodegradability and has a certain impact on the environment.

2. Summary

There are many types of cutting oils, each with its own characteristics. When choosing cutting oil, enterprises should fully consider the following factors:

Processing technology: Choose appropriate cutting oil according to different processing technologies, such as oily cutting oil for rough processing and water-based cutting fluid for fine processing.

Workpiece material: For different workpiece materials, choose cutting oil with corresponding advantages, such as extreme pressure cutting oil for processing difficult-to-process materials.

Environmental protection requirements: Under the premise of meeting processing requirements, try to choose cutting oil with better environmental performance.

Economic efficiency: Consider the performance, price and other factors of cutting oil comprehensively, and choose products with high cost performance.

By reasonably selecting cutting oil, enterprises can improve processing efficiency, ensure product quality, reduce production costs, and contribute to the sustainable development of my country's metal processing industry.