How to choose the right copper wire drawing liquid

Copper Wire drawing liquid plays a vital role in the copper material processing process. Choosing the right drawing liquid can not only improve production efficiency, but also ensure product quality, extend the service life of equipment, and meet environmental protection requirements. This article will introduce in detail how to choose the right copper wire drawing liquid, and analyze it from the basic functions, types, performance indicators and practical applications of the drawing liquid.

1. Basic functions of copper wire drawing liquid

Cooling function

During the copper wire drawing process, a large amount of heat will be generated due to friction and plastic deformation. If the heat cannot be dissipated in time, the surface quality of the copper wire will be reduced, and even the normal operation of the wire drawing machine will be affected. Therefore, an efficient wire drawing liquid should have good cooling performance, which can quickly take away the heat generated during the processing and ensure that the workpiece is drawn at a suitable temperature.

Lubrication function

Lubricity is one of the important performance indicators of copper wire drawing liquid. High-quality drawing liquid can form a good lubricating film between the copper wire and the drawing die, reduce friction, thereby reducing tool wear and the generation of scratches on the copper wire surface. Good lubricity can also improve production efficiency, reduce tension, and increase the elongation rate and yield rate of copper wire.

Cleaning function

During the wire drawing process, copper wire chips will be generated at any time. If they cannot be removed in time, it will affect the wire drawing effect and cause equipment failure. Therefore, the cleanliness of the wire Drawing Fluid is very critical. It not only needs to quickly remove metal chips, but also keep the mold and equipment clean. Good wire drawing fluid can avoid chip blockage and residue, ensure the workpiece surface is clean and smooth, and improve the wire drawing quality.

Anti-rust function

The wire drawing fluid should also have certain anti-rust properties to prevent the copper wire from rusting during processing and storage, affecting product quality.

2. Types of copper wire drawing fluid

Copper wire drawing fluid is mostly water-soluble and can be roughly divided into three types: emulsified, semi-synthetic, and fully synthetic.

Emulsified wire drawing fluid

Emulsified wire drawing fluid is mainly based on mineral oil. The solution has high concentration and good lubricity. It can withstand large extreme pressure and is suitable for large, medium and high-speed drawing and lubrication. However, emulsified wire drawing fluid also has some disadvantages, such as the oil is easy to breed bacteria, high temperature in summer may cause the oil to rot and stink, and the service life is not long. In addition, the solution is opaque, and it is not easy to observe the situation inside the water tank machine and the oil pool.

Semi-synthetic wire drawing fluid

The diluent of the semi-synthetic wire drawing fluid is translucent, and the main components are chemical components that can be dissolved in water and a certain proportion of mineral oil. The chemical substances contained in it have certain antibacterial and antiseptic effects, so it is not easy to deteriorate and stink. Semi-synthetic wire drawing fluid has low requirements for water quality, good cooling performance, and strong versatility in lubrication of small and medium wire drawing. It can be used to draw wires such as enameled wire, copper-clad steel wire, nickel-plated, galvanized copper wire, tinned copper wire, and aluminum-clad copper wire.

Fully synthetic wire drawing fluid

After dilution, the fully synthetic wire drawing fluid is almost transparent, does not contain base oil, and is formulated with a variety of water-soluble compound lubricants. The fully synthetic wire drawing fluid can be diluted with water for multiple times, and has excellent cooling and cleaning effects. It can effectively prevent copper soap, copper mud, and copper powder from sticking and clogging on the wire drawing eye mold. The fully synthetic wire drawing fluid is most suitable for high-speed wire drawing of copper wire micro-filaments (double zero wires). Antistatic agents are specially added. The finished copper wire is smooth and free of copper powder residue, saving customers the cost of cleaning.

3. Factors to consider when choosing wire drawing fluid

Cooling performance

Cooling performance is one of the first factors to consider when choosing wire drawing fluid. High-quality wire drawing fluid should be able to quickly take away the heat generated during the processing and ensure that the workpiece is drawn at a suitable temperature. The quality of cooling performance directly affects the surface quality of the copper wire and the normal operation of the wire drawing machine.

Lubrication performance

The quality of lubrication performance directly affects the wire drawing efficiency and product quality. High-quality wire drawing fluid can form a good lubricating film between the copper wire and the wire drawing die, reduce friction, thereby reducing tool wear and the generation of scratches on the copper wire surface. When choosing a wire drawing fluid, products with excellent lubrication performance should be given priority.

Cleaning performance

Cleansing performance is one of the important performance indicators of wire drawing fluid. A good wire drawing fluid can quickly take away metal chips, keep the die and equipment clean, avoid chip blockage and residue, ensure that the workpiece surface is clean and smooth, and improve the quality of wire drawing.

Anti-rust performance

The wire drawing fluid should also have a certain anti-rust performance to prevent the copper wire from rusting during processing and storage, affecting product quality. When choosing a wire drawing fluid, you can pay attention to its anti-rust performance and choose products with excellent anti-rust effects.

Environmental performance

With increasingly stringent environmental regulations, the environmental performance of wire drawing fluids has become increasingly important. Choosing an environmentally friendly wire drawing fluid can not only effectively reduce pollution to the environment, but also reduce the health risks of operators. High-quality water-soluble wire drawing fluids usually adopt non-toxic and low-irritation formulas, which not only meet environmental protection requirements, but also ensure safety during operation.

Equipment compatibility

Different wire drawing equipment has different requirements for lubricants. When choosing a wire drawing fluid, you also need to consider its compatibility with the wire drawing machine equipment. Some wire drawing fluids may react with metal materials or seals in the equipment, affecting its use effect. Therefore, when choosing a wire drawing fluid, you should understand the equipment manufacturer's recommendations for lubricants and ensure the compatibility of the liquid with the equipment to avoid unnecessary maintenance and replacement costs.

Cost-effectiveness

When choosing a wire drawing fluid, you also need to consider its cost-effectiveness. Although high-quality wire drawing fluids may be expensive, they have a long service life and low maintenance costs, which can significantly improve production efficiency and product quality, thereby bringing higher economic benefits.

4. Precautions in practical application

Concentration control

The concentration of the wire drawing liquid has a great influence on its performance. If the concentration is too high, although the lubrication performance is good, the cleaning effect is reduced; if the concentration is too low, the lubrication performance is weakened, affecting the mold life and the surface quality of the copper wire, and even breaking the wire. Therefore, the concentration of the wire drawing liquid should be reasonably configured according to the requirements of the wire drawing process.

Regular replacement

The wire drawing liquid will gradually deteriorate and lose its original performance during use. Therefore, the wire drawing liquid should be replaced regularly to ensure its good cooling, lubrication and cleaning performance.

Maintenance

The use and maintenance of the wire drawing liquid are also very important. The wire drawing equipment and molds should be cleaned regularly to keep them clean and dry to avoid bacterial growth and oil corruption. At the same time, the concentration and performance of the wire drawing liquid should be checked regularly, and adjusted and replaced in time.

5. Summary

Choosing a suitable copper wire drawing liquid is of great significance to improving production efficiency, ensuring product quality and extending the service life of equipment. When selecting a wire drawing liquid, its cooling performance, lubrication performance, cleaning performance, rust prevention performance, environmental protection performance, equipment compatibility and cost-effectiveness should be comprehensively considered. At the same time, attention should also be paid to concentration control, regular replacement and maintenance during use. By scientifically and rationally selecting and using wire drawing liquid, the elongation rate and yield rate of copper wire can be significantly improved, creating greater economic benefits for the enterprise.